ANNA UNIVERSITY BE ECE 7TH SEMESTER SYLLABUS
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ANNA UNIVERSITY BE ECE 7TH SEMESTER SYLLABUS REGULATION 2008
SEMESTER VII
(Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards)
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
THEORY
EC2401 Wireless Communication 3 0 0 3
EC2402 Optical Communication and Networking 3 0 0 3
EC2403 RF and Microwave Engineering 3 0 0 3
Elective II 3 0 0 3
Elective III 3 0 0 3
Elective IV 3 0 0 3
PRACTICAL
EC2404 Electronics System Design Lab 0 0 3 2
EC2405 Optical & Microwave Lab 0 0 3 2
TOTAL 18 0 6 22
SEMESTER VII - Elective II
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
EC2030 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3
GE2022 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3
EC2035 Cryptography and Network Security 3 0 0 3
EC2036 Information Theory 3 0 0 3
GE2071 Intellectual Property Rights 3 0 0 3
GE2021 Professional Ethics in Engineering 3 0 0 3
SEMESTER VII - Elective III
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
EC2027 Advanced Microprocessors
EC2028 Internet and Java 3 0 0 3
CS2060 High Speed Networks 3 0 0 3
CS2053 Soft Computing 3 0 0 3
EC2037 Multimedia Compression & Communication 3 0 0 3
EC2039 Parallel and Distributed Processing 3 0 0 3
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SEMESTER VII - Elective IV
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
EC2029 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3
EC2031 Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility 3 0 0 3
EC2033 Power Electronics 3 0 0 3
EC2034 Television and Video Engineering 3 0 0 3
EC2038 Nano Electronics 3 0 0 3
EC2041 Avionics 3 0 0 3
EC2401 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I SERVICES AND TECHNICAL CHALLENGES 9
Types of Services, Requirements for the services, Multipath propagation, Spectrum
Limitations, Noise and Interference limited systems, Principles of Cellular networks,
Multiple Access Schemes.
UNIT II WIRELESS PROPAGATION CHANNELS 9
Propagation Mechanisms (Qualitative treatment), Propagation effects with mobile radio,
Channel Classification, Link calculations, Narrowband and Wideband models.
28
UNIT III WIRELESS TRANSCEIVERS 9
Structure of a wireless communication link, Modulation and demodulation – Quadrature
Phase Shift Keying, /4-Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, Offset-Quadrature
Phase Shift Keying, Binary Frequency Shift Keying, Minimum Shift Keying, Gaussian
Minimum Shift Keying, Power spectrum and Error performance in fading channels.
UNIT IV SIGNAL PROCESSING IN WIRELESS SYSTEMS 9
Principle of Diversity, Macrodiversity, Microdiversity, Signal Combining Techniques,
Transmit diversity, Equalisers- Linear and Decision Feedback equalisers, Review of
Channel coding and Speech coding techniques.
UNIT V ADVANCED TRANSCEIVER SCHEMES 9
Spread Spectrum Systems- Cellular Code Division Multiple Access Systems- Principle,
Power control, Effects of multipath propagation on Code Division Multiple Access,
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing – Principle, Cyclic Prefix, Transceiver
implementation, Second Generation(GSM, IS–95) and Third Generation Wireless
Networks and Standards
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Andreas.F. Molisch, “Wireless Communications”, John Wiley – India, 2006.
2. Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, “Modern Wireless Communications”, Pearson
Education, 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. Rappaport. T.S., “Wireless communications”, Pearson Education, 2003.
2. Gordon L. Stuber, “Principles of Mobile Communication”, Springer International Ltd.,
2001.
3. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
EC2402 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction, Ray theory transmission- Total internal reflection-Acceptance angle –
Numerical aperture – Skew rays – Electromagnetic mode theory of optical propagation –
EM waves – modes in Planar guide – phase and group velocity – cylindrical fibers –
SM fibers.
UNIT II TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL FIBERS 9
Attenuation – Material absorption losses in silica glass fibers – Linear and Non linear
Scattering losses - Fiber Bend losses – Midband and farband infra red transmission –
Intra and inter Modal Dispersion – Over all Fiber Dispersion – Polarization- non linear
Phenomena. Optical fiber connectors, Fiber alignment and Joint Losses – Fiber Splices
– Fiber connectors – Expanded Beam Connectors – Fiber Couplers.
29
UNIT III SOURCES AND DETECTORS 9
Optical sources: Light Emitting Diodes - LED structures - surface and edge emitters,
mono and hetero structures - internal - quantum efficiency, injection laser diode
structures - comparison of LED and ILD
Optical Detectors: PIN Photo detectors, Avalanche photo diodes, construction,
characteristics and properties, Comparison of performance, Photo detector noise -Noise
sources , Signal to Noise ratio , Detector response time.
UNIT IV FIBER OPTIC RECEIVER AND MEASUREMENTS 9
Fundamental receiver operation, Pre amplifiers, Error sources – Receiver Configuration
– Probability of Error – Quantum limit.
Fiber Attenuation measurements- Dispersion measurements – Fiber Refractive index
profile measurements – Fiber cut- off Wave length Measurements – Fiber Numerical
Aperture Measurements – Fiber diameter measurements.
UNIT V OPTICAL NETWORKS 9
Basic Networks – SONET / SDH – Broadcast – and –select WDM Networks –
Wavelength Routed Networks – Non linear effects on Network performance –
Performance of WDM + EDFA system – Solitons – Optical CDMA – Ultra High Capacity
Networks.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Optical Fiber Communication – John M. Senior – Pearson Education – Second
Edition. 2007
2. Optical Fiber Communication – Gerd Keiser – Mc Graw Hill – Third Edition. 2000
REFERENCES:
1.J.Gower, “Optical Communication System”, Prentice Hall of India, 2001
2. Rajiv Ramaswami, “Optical Networks “ , Second Edition, Elsevier , 2004.
3. Govind P. Agrawal, “ Fiber-optic communication systems”, third edition, John Wiley &
sons, 2004.
4. R.P. Khare, “Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics”, Oxford University Press, 2007.
30
EC2403 RF AND MICROWAVE ENGINEERING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I TWO PORT RF NETWORKS-CIRCUIT REPRESENTATION 9
Low frequency parameters-impedance ,admittance, hybrid and ABCD. High frequency
parameters-Formulation of S parameters, properties of S parameters-Reciprocal and
lossless networks, transmission matrix, Introduction to component basics, wire, resistor,
capacitor and inductor, applications of RF
UNIT II RF TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER DESIGN AND MATCHING NETWORKS
9
Amplifier power relation, stability considerations, gain considerations noise figure,
impedance matching networks, frequency response, T and Π matching networks,
microstripline matching networks
UNIT III MICROWAVE PASSIVE COMPONENTS 9
Microwave frequency range, significance of microwave frequency range - applications of
microwaves. Scattering matrix -Concept of N port scattering matrix representation-
Properties of S matrix- S matrix formulation of two-port junction. Microwave junctions -
Tee junctions -Magic Tee - Rat race - Corners - bends and twists - Directional couplers -
two hole directional couplers- Ferrites - important microwave properties and applications
– Termination - Gyrator- Isolator-Circulator - Attenuator - Phase changer – S Matrix for
microwave components – Cylindrical cavity resonators.
UNIT IV MICROWAVE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 9
Microwave semiconductor devices- operation - characteristics and application of BJTs
and FETs -Principles of tunnel diodes - Varactor and Step recovery diodes - Transferred
Electron Devices -Gunn diode- Avalanche Transit time devices- IMPATT and TRAPATT
devices. Parametric devices -Principles of operation - applications of parametric
amplifier .Microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) - Materials and fabrication
techniques
UNIT V MICROWAVE TUBES AND MEASUREMENTS 9
Microwave tubes- High frequency limitations - Principle of operation of Multicavity
Klystron, Reflex Klystron, Traveling Wave Tube, Magnetron. Microwave measurements:
Measurement of power, wavelength, impedance, SWR, attenuation, Q and Phase shift.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
31
TEXT BOOK:
1) Samuel Y Liao, “Microwave Devices & Circuits” , Prentice Hall of India, 2006.
2) Reinhold.Ludwig and Pavel Bretshko ‘RF Circuit Design”, Pearson Education, Inc.,
2006
REFERENCES:
1. Robert. E.Collin-Foundation of Microwave Engg –Mc Graw Hill.
2. Annapurna Das and Sisir K Das, “Microwave Engineering”, Tata Mc Graw
3. Hill Inc., 2004.
4. M.M.Radmanesh , RF & Microwave Electronics Illustrated, Pearson
Education, 2007.
5. Robert E.Colin, 2ed “Foundations for Microwave Engineering”, McGraw Hill, 2001
6. D.M.Pozar, “Microwave Engineering.”, John Wiley & sons, Inc., 2006.
EC2404 ELECTRONICS SYSTEM DESIGN LAB L T P C
0 0 3 2
1. Design of a 4-20mA transmitter for a bridge type transducer.
Design the Instrumentation amplifier with the bridge type transducer (Thermistor
or any resistance variation transducers) and convert the amplified voltage from
the instrumentation amplifier to 4 – 20 mA current using op-amp. Plot the
variation of the temperature Vs output current.
2. Design of AC/DC voltage regulator using SCR
Design a phase controlled voltage regulator using full wave rectifier and SCR,
vary the conduction angle and plot the output voltage.
3. Design of process control timer
Design a sequential timer to switch on & off at least 3 relays in a particular
sequence using timer IC.
4. Design of AM / FM modulator / demodulator
i. Design AM signal using multiplier IC for the given carrier frequency and
modulation index and demodulate the AM signal using envelope detector.
ii. Design FM signal using VCO IC NE566 for the given carrier frequency and
demodulate the same using PLL NE 565.
5. Design of Wireless data modem.
Design a FSK modulator using 555/XR 2206 and convert it to sine wave using
filter and transmit the same using IR LED and demodulate the same PLL NE
565/XR 2212.
6. PCB layout design using CAD
Drawing the schematic of simple electronic circuit and design of PCB layout
using CAD
7. Microcontroller based systems design
Design of microcontroller based system for simple applications like security
systems combination lock.
8. DSP based system design
Design a DSP based system for echo cancellation, using TMS/ADSP DSP kit.
9. Psuedo-random Sequence Generator
10. Arithmetic Logic Unit Design
Note: Kits should not be used. Instead each experiment may be given as mini project.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
32
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:
1) Dual Power supply ±15V
Ammeter (Multimeter)
Temperature Measurement Transducer
2) Power Supply (for IC 555)
Relays
Indicator LEDs
3) System with ARCAD Software
4) TMS320C5416 (with CCS) and system, speaker
5) 8051 based Trainer kit, and system with interfaces like ADC, DAC, Keyboard and
display
6) CRO – 5
7) Function Generator – 5
8) Regulated Power supply – [0-30V)-10, 5V-2
9) Transistors and Diodes – 2N3055, BFW10, BC547, BT012, IN4007, CED, SL100
10) ICs – IC741, IC7414, IC555, IC7805, IC7474, IC7107
11) Resistors – 5.6K, 56K, 9K, 22K, 100K, 27Ώ
12) Capacitors – 0.1μf, 100μf, 50μf, 10nf,47nf
13) 8Ώ Speaker
14) TSOP
EC2405 OPTICAL & MICROWAVE LAB L T P C
0 0 3 2
Microwave Experiments:
1. Reflex Klystron – Mode characteristics
2. Gunn Diode – Characteristics
3. VSWR, Frequency and Wave Length Measurement
4. Directional Coupler – Directivity and Coupling Coefficient – S – parameter
measurement
5. Isolator and Circulator – S - parameter measurement
6. Attenuation and Power measurement
7. S - matrix Characterization of E-Plane T, H-Plane T and Magic T.
8. Radiation Pattern of Antennas.
9. Antenna Gain Measurement
Optical Experiments:
1. DC characteristics of LED and PIN Photo Diode.
2. Mode Characteristics of Fibers
3. Measurement of Connector and Bending Losses.
4. Fiber Optic Analog and Digital Link
5. Numerical Aperture Determination for Fibers
6. Attenuation Measurement in Fibers
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
33
Microwave Experiments:
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:
1) Klystron Power Supply – 6
2) Reflex Klystron Oscillator – 6 (X band)
3) Gunn Power Supply – 3
4) Gunn Oscillator – 3 (X band)
5) Isolator – 9
6) Variable attenuator – 9 (0.6 dB)
7) PIN modulator – 3
8) Slotted waveguide Section with Probe and Carriage – 2
9) Frequency meter (direct reading type) – 4
10) Directional coupler 3dB, 10dB – 1 each
11) Circulator – 1
12) E Plane T, H Plane T, Magic T – 2 each
13) Horn antenna – 2 (X band) compatible
14) Turn table for antenna measurement – 1
15) Waveguide stands – 30
16) Detectors – 10
17) Network analyzer (Scalar or Vector) – 1
18) Power meter
19) BNC to BNC and BNC to TNC Cables – Required numbers
20) Bolts, nuts and Screws and Screw driver – Required numbers
Optical Experiments:
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:
1) 850 nm LED Module – 3 Nos
2) 850 nm PIN Photo Diode Module – 2 Nos
3) Glass / Plastic Fiber Patch Cords – 1 meter length
4) Optical Power meter – 2 Nos
5) Stabilized Current Source (0-100 mA) – 3 Nos
6) Variable Supply (0-30v) – 2 Nos
7) Digital Multimeter – 2 Nos
8) Fiber Spools of Varied length with Connectors
9) Numerical Aperture measurement kit – 1No
10) Fiber Optic Analog Tranceiver kit/Module – 1 No
11) Fiber Optic Digital Tranceiver kit/Module – 1 No
12) CRO (0-100MHZ) – 2 Nos
13) Signal Generator – 1 No
14) Pulse Generator – 1 No
ELECTIVE
EC2030 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I DISCRETE RANDOM PROCESS 9
Discrete random process – Ensemble averages, Stationary and ergodic processes,
Autocorrelation and Autocovariance properties and matrices, White noise, Power
Spectral Density, Spectral Factorization, Innovations Representation and Process,
Filtering random processes, ARMA, AR and MA processes.
UNIT II SPECTRAL ESTIMATION 9
Bias and Consistency, Periodogram, Modified periodogram, Blackman-Tukey method,
Welch method, Parametric methods of spectral estimation, Levinson-Durbin recursion.
UNIT III LINEAR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION 9
Forward and Backward linear prediction, Filtering - FIR Wiener filter- Filtering and linear
prediction, non-causal and causal IIR Wiener filters, Discrete Kalman filter.
UNIT IV ADAPTIVE FILTERS 9
Principles of adaptive filter – FIR adaptive filter – Newton’s Steepest descent algorithm –
Derivation of first order adaptive filter – LMS adaptation algorithms – Adaptive noise
cancellation, Adaptive equalizer, Adaptive echo cancellors.
UNIT V ADVANCED TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES 9
2-D Discrete Fourier transform and properties– Applications to image smoothing and
sharpening – Continuous and Discrete wavelet transforms – Multiresolution Analysis –
Application to signal compression.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Monson H Hayes,” Statistical Digital Signal processing and Modeling”, Wiley Student
Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2004.
2. R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, “ Digital Image Processing”, Pearson, Second
Edition, 2004.
REFERENCES:
1. John G Proakis and Manolakis, “ Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and
Applications”, Pearson, Fourth Edition, 2007.
2. Sophocles J. Orfanidis, Optimum Signal Processing, An Introduction, McGraw Hill,
1990.
44
EC2031 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I BASIC CONCEPTS 9
Definition of EMI and EMC with examples, Classification of EMI/EMC - CE, RE, CS, RS,
Units of Parameters, Sources of EMI, EMI coupling modes - CM and DM, ESD
Phenomena and effects, Transient phenomena and suppression.
UNIT II EMI MEASUREMENTS 9
Basic principles of RE, CE, RS and CS measurements, EMI measuring instruments-
Antennas, LISN, Feed through capacitor, current probe, EMC analyzer and detection
t6echnique open area site, shielded anechoic chamber, TEM cell.
UNIT III EMC STANDARD AND REGULATIONS 8
National and Intentional standardizing organizations- FCC, CISPR, ANSI, DOD, IEC,
CENEEC, FCC CE and RE standards, CISPR, CE and RE Standards, IEC/EN, CS
standards, Frequency assignment - spectrum conversation.
UNIT IV EMI CONTROL METHODS AND FIXES 10
Shielding, Grounding, Bonding, Filtering, EMI gasket, Isolation transformer, opto isolator.
UNIT V EMC DESIGN AND INTERCONNECTION TECHNIQUES 9
Cable routing and connection, Component selection and mounting, PCB design- Trace
routing, Impedance control, decoupling, Zoning and grounding
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Prasad Kodali.V – Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility – S.Chand&Co – New
Delhi – 2000
2. Clayton R.Paul – Introduction to Electromagnetic compatibility – John Wiley & Sons
– 1992
REFERENCES
1. Keiser – Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility – Artech House – 3rd Edition –
1994
2. Donwhite Consultant Incorporate – Handbook of EMI / EMC – Vol I - 1985
CS2060 HIGH SPEED NETWORKS LT P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I HIGH SPEED NETWORKS 9
Frame Relay Networks – Asynchronous transfer mode – ATM Protocol Architecture,
ATM logical Connection, ATM Cell – ATM Service Categories – AAL, High Speed LANs:
Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber Channel – Wireless LANs: applications,
requirements – Architecture of 802.11
45
UNIT II CONGESTION AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 8
Queuing Analysis- Queuing Models – Single Server Queues – Effects of Congestion –
Congestion Control – Traffic Management – Congestion Control in Packet Switching
Networks – Frame Relay Congestion Control.
UNIT III TCP AND ATM CONGESTION CONTROL 11
TCP Flow control – TCP Congestion Control – Retransmission – Timer Management –
Exponential RTO backoff – KARN’s Algorithm – Window management – Performance of
TCP over ATM. Traffic and Congestion control in ATM – Requirements – Attributes –
Traffic Management Frame work, Traffic Control – ABR traffic Management – ABR rate
control, RM cell formats, ABR Capacity allocations – GFR traffic management.
UNIT IV INTEGRATED AND DIFFERENTIATED SERVICES 8
Integrated Services Architecture – Approach, Components, Services- Queuing
Discipline, FQ, PS, BRFQ, GPS, WFQ – Random Early Detection, Differentiated
Services
UNIT V PROTOCOLS FOR QOS SUPPORT 9
RSVP – Goals & Characteristics, Data Flow, RSVP operations, Protocol Mechanisms –
Multiprotocol Label Switching – Operations, Label Stacking, Protocol details – RTP –
Protocol Architecture, Data Transfer Protocol, RTCP.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. William Stallings, “HIGH SPEED NETWORKS AND INTERNET”, Pearson
Education, Second Edition, 2002.
REFERENCES
1. Warland, Pravin Varaiya, “High performance communication networks”, Second
Edition , Jean Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd., , 2001.
2. Irvan Pepelnjk, Jim Guichard, Jeff Apcar, “MPLS and VPN architecture”,
Cisco Press, Volume 1 and 2, 2003.
3. Abhijit S. Pandya, Ercan Sea, “ATM Technology for Broad Band
Telecommunication Networks”, CRC Press, New York, 2004.
EC2033 POWER ELECTRONICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I POWER ELECTRONICS DEVICES 9
Characteristics of power devices – characteristics of SCR, diac, triac, SCS, GTO, PUJT
– power transistors – power FETs – LASCR – two transistor model of SCR – Protection
of thyristors against over voltage – over current, dv/dt and di/dt.
UNIT II TRIGGERING TECHNIQUES 9
Turn on circuits for SCR – triggering with single pulse and train of pulses – synchronizing
with supply – triggering with microprocessor – forced commutation – different techniques
– series and parallel operations of SCRs.
46
UNIT III CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS 9
Converters – single phase – three phase – half controlled and fully controlled rectifiers –
Waveforms of load voltage and line current under constant load current – effect of
transformer leakage inductance – dual converter.
UNIT IV INVERTERS 9
Voltage and current source inverters, resonant, Series inverter, PWM inverter. AC and
DC choppers – DC to DC converters – Buck, boost and buck – boost.
UNIT V INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 9
DC motor drives – Induction and synchronous motor drives – switched reluctance and
brushless motor drives – Battery charger – SMPS – UPS – induction and dielectric
heating.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Muhamed H.Rashid : Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications, 3rd
Edition. 2004 PHI.
2. M.D. Singh and K.B. Kanchandani, Power Electronics, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2007.
REFERENCES
1. Sen: Power Electronics, TMH, 1987.
2. Dubey: Thyristorised Power Controllers, Wiley Eastern 1986.
3. Vithayathil: Power Electronics – Principles and Applications, McGraw-Hill, 1995.
4. Lander: Power Electronics, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
5. Jacob, Power Electronics, Thomson Learning, 2002.
6. V.R. Moorthy, Power Electronics, Oxford University Press, 2005.
EC2034 TELEVISION AND VIDEO ENGINEERING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF TELEVISION 9
Aspect ratio-Image continuity-Number of scanning lines-Interlaced scanning-Picture
resolution-Camera tubes-Image Orthicon-Vidicon- Plumbicon- Silicon Diode Array
Vidicon- Solid-state Image scanners- Monochrome picture tubes- Composite video
signal- video signal dimension-horizontal sync. Composition-vertical sync. Detailsfunctions
of vertical pulse train- Scanning sequence details. Picture signal transmissionpositive
and negative modulation- VSB transmission- Sound signal transmission-
Standard channel bandwidth.
UNIT II MONOCHROME TELEVISION TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER 9
TV transmitter-TV signal Propagation- Interference- TV Transmission Antennas-
Monochrome TV receiver- RF tuner- UHF, VHF tuner-Digital tuning techniques-AFT-IF
subsystems-AGC Noise cancellation-Video and Sound inter-carrier detection-Vision IF
subsystem- DC re-insertion-Video amplifier circuits-Sync operation- typical sync
processing circuits-Deflection current waveforms, Deflection oscillators- Frame
deflection circuits- requirements- Line deflection circuits-EHT generation-Receiver
antennas.
UNIT III ESSENTIALS OF COLOUR TELEVISION 9
Compatibility- Colour perception-Three colour theory- Luminance, Hue and saturation-
Colour television cameras-Values of luminance and colour difference signals-Colour
47
television display tubes-Delta-gun Precision-in-line and Trinitron colour picture tubes-
Purity and convergence- Purity and static and Dynamic convergence adjustments-
Pincushion-correction techniques-Automatic degaussing circuit- Gray scale trackingcolour
signal transmission- Bandwidth-Modulation of colour difference signals-Weighting
factors-Formation of chrominance signal.
UNIT IV COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS 9
NTSC colour TV systems-SECAM system- PAL colour TV systems- Cancellation of
phase errors-PAL-D Colour system-PAL coder-PAL-Decoder receiver-Chromo signal
amplifier-separation of U and V signals-colour burst separation-Burst phase
Discriminator-ACC amplifier-Reference Oscillator-Ident and colour killer circuits-U and V
demodulators- Colour signal matrixing. Sound in TV
UNIT V ADVANCED TELEVISION SYSTEMS 9
Satellite TV technology-Geo Stationary Satellites-Satellite Electronics-Domestic
Broadcast System-Cable TV-Cable Signal Sources-Cable Signal Processing,
Distribution & Scrambling- Video Recording-VCR Electronics-Video Home Formats-
Video Disc recording and playback-DVD Players-Tele Text Signal coding and broadcast
receiver- Digital television-Transmission and reception –Projection television-Flat panel
display TV receivers-LCD and Plasma screen receivers-3DTV-EDTV.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS
1. R.R.Gulati, “Monochrome Television Practice, Principles, Technology and servicing.”
Third Edition 2006, New Age International (P) Publishers.
2. R.R.Gulati, Monochrome & Color Television, New Age International Publisher, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. A.M Dhake, “Television and Video Engineering”, 2nd ed., TMH, 2003.
2. R.P.Bali, Color Television, Theory and Practice, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1994
EC2038 NANO ELECTRONICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY 9
Background to nanotechnology: Types of nanotechnology and nanomachines – periodic
table – atomic structure – molecules and phases – energy – molecular and atomic size –
surface and dimensional space – top down and bottom up; Molecular Nanotechnology:
Electron microscope – scanning electron microscope – atomic force microscope –
scanning tunnelling microscope – nanomanipulator – nanotweezers – atom manipulation
– nanodots – self assembly – dip pen nanolithography. Nanomaterials: preparation –
plasma arcing – chemical vapor deposition – sol-gels – electrodeposition – ball milling –
applications of nanomaterials;
UNIT II FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOELECTRONICS 9
Fundamentals of logic devices:- Requirements – dynamic properties – threshold gates;
physical limits to computations; concepts of logic devices:- classifications – two terminal
devices – field effect devices – coulomb blockade devices – spintronics – quantum
cellular automata – quantum computing – DNA computer; performance of information
processing systems;- basic binary operations, measure of performance processing
48
capability of biological neurons – performance estimation for the human brain. Ultimate
computation:- power dissipation limit – dissipation in reversible computation – the
ultimate computer.
UNIT III SILICON MOSFETs & QUANTUM TRANSPORT DEVICES 9
Silicon MOSFETS - Novel materials and alternate concepts:- fundamentals of MOSFET
Devices- scaling rules – silicon-dioxide based gate dielectrics – metal gates – junctions
& contacts – advanced MOSFET concepts.
Quantum transport devices based on resonant tunneling:- Electron tunneling – resonant
tunneling diodes – resonant tunneling devices; Single electron devices for logic
applications:- Single electron devices – applications of single electron devices to logic
circuits.
UNIT IV CARBON NANOTUBES 9
Carbon Nanotube: Fullerenes - types of nanotubes – formation of nanotubes –
assemblies – purification of carbon nanotubes – electronic propertics – synthesis of
carbon nanotubes – carbon nanotube interconnects – carbon nanotube FETs –
Nanotube for memory applications – prospects of an all carbon nanotube
nanoelectronics.
UNIT V MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS 9
Electrodes & contacts – functions – molecular electronic devices – first test systems –
simulation and circuit design – fabrication; Future applications: MEMS – robots – random
access memory – mass storage devices.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS
1. Michael Wilson, Kamali Kannangara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons and Burkhard
Raguse, Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies, Chapman &
Hall / CRC, 2002
2. T. Pradeep, NANO: The Essentials – Understanding Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology, TMH, 2007
3. Rainer Waser (Ed.), Nanoelectronics and Information Technology: Advanced
Electronic Materials and Novel Devices, Wiley-VCH, 2003
CS2053 SOFT COMPUTING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I FUZZY SET THEORY 10
Introduction to Neuro – Fuzzy and Soft Computing – Fuzzy Sets – Basic Definition and
Terminology – Set-theoretic Operations – Member Function Formulation and
Parameterization – Fuzzy Rules and Fuzzy Reasoning – Extension Principle and Fuzzy
Relations – Fuzzy If-Then Rules – Fuzzy Reasoning – Fuzzy Inference Systems –
Mamdani Fuzzy Models – Sugeno Fuzzy Models – Tsukamoto Fuzzy Models – Input
Space Partitioning and Fuzzy Modeling.
UNIT II OPTIMIZATION 8
Derivative-based Optimization – Descent Methods – The Method of Steepest Descent –
Classical Newton’s Method – Step Size Determination – Derivative-free Optimization –
Genetic Algorithms – Simulated Annealing – Random Search – Downhill Simplex
Search.
49
UNIT III ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 10
Introduction, Knowledge Representation – Reasoning, Issues and Acquisition:
Prepositional and Predicate Calculus Rule Based knowledge Representation Symbolic
Reasoning Under Uncertainity Basic knowledge Representation Issues Knowledge
acquisition – Heuristic Search: Techniques for Heuristic search Heuristic Classification -
State Space Search: Strategies Implementation of Graph Search Search based on
Recursion Patent-directed Search Production System and Learning.
UNIT IV NEURO FUZZY MODELING 9
Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems – Architecture – Hybrid Learning Algorithm –
Learning Methods that Cross-fertilize ANFIS and RBFN – Coactive Neuro Fuzzy
Modeling – Framework Neuron Functions for Adaptive Networks – Neuro Fuzzy
Spectrum.
UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 8
Printed Character Recognition – Inverse Kinematics Problems – Automobile Fuel
Efficiency Prediction – Soft Computing for Color Recipe Prediction.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. J.S.R.Jang, C.T.Sun and E.Mizutani, “Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing”, PHI, 2004,
Pearson Education 2004.
2. N.P.Padhy, “Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems”, Oxford University Press,
2006.
REFERENCES:
1. Elaine Rich & Kevin Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill
Publishing Comp., 2006, New Delhi.
2. Timothy J.Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications”, McGraw-Hill, 1997.
3. Davis E.Goldberg, “Genetic Algorithms: Search, Optimization and Machine Learning”,
Addison Wesley, N.Y., 1989.
4. S. Rajasekaran and G.A.V.Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic
Algorithms”, PHI, 2003.
5. R.Eberhart, P.Simpson and R.Dobbins, “Computational Intelligence - PC Tools”, AP
Professional, Boston, 1996.
6. Amit Konar, “Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Behaviour and Cognitive model
of the human brain”, CRC Press, 2008.
GE2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definition of quality - Dimensions of
manufacturing and service quality - Basic concepts of TQM - Definition of TQM – TQM
Framework - Contributions of Deming, Juran and Crosby – Barriers to TQM.
UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9
Leadership – Strategic quality planning, Quality statements - Customer focus –
Customer orientation, Customer satisfaction, Customer complaints, Customer retention -
Employee involvement – Motivation, Empowerment, Team and Teamwork, Recognition
and Reward, Performance appraisal - Continuous process improvement – PDSA cycle,
5s, Kaizen - Supplier partnership – Partnering, Supplier selection, Supplier Rating.
50
UNIT III TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES I 9
The seven traditional tools of quality – New management tools – Six-sigma: Concepts,
methodology, applications to manufacturing, service sector including IT – Bench marking
– Reason to bench mark, Bench marking process – FMEA – Stages, Types.
UNIT IV TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES II 9
Quality circles – Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – Taguchi quality loss function –
TPM – Concepts, improvement needs – Cost of Quality – Performance measures.
UNIT V QUALITY SYSTEMS 9
Need for ISO 9000- ISO 9000-2000 Quality System – Elements, Documentation, Quality
auditing- QS 9000 – ISO 14000 – Concepts, Requirements and Benefits – Case studies
of TQM implementation in manufacturing and service sectors including IT.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia, 3rd
Edition, Indian Reprint (2006).
REFERENCES
1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, “The Management and Control of Quality”,
6th Edition, South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2005.
2. Oakland, J.S., “TQM – Text with Cases”, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 3rd
Edition, 2003.
3. Suganthi,L and Anand Samuel, “Total Quality Management”, Prentice Hall (India)
Pvt. Ltd.,2006.
4. Janakiraman, B and Gopal, R.K, “Total Quality Management – Text and Cases”,
Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
EC2035 CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 10
OSI Security Architecture - Classical Encryption techniques – Cipher Principles – Data
Encryption Standard – Block Cipher Design Principles and Modes of Operation -
Evaluation criteria for AES – AES Cipher – Triple DES – Placement of Encryption
Function – Traffic Confidentiality
UNIT II PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY 10
Key Management - Diffie-Hellman key Exchange – Elliptic Curve Architecture and
Cryptography - Introduction to Number Theory – Confidentiality using Symmetric
Encryption – Public Key Cryptography and RSA.
UNIT III AUTHENTICATION AND HASH FUNCTION 9
Authentication requirements – Authentication functions – Message Authentication Codes
– Hash Functions – Security of Hash Functions and MACs – MD5 message Digest
51
algorithm - Secure Hash Algorithm – RIPEMD – HMAC Digital Signatures –
Authentication Protocols – Digital Signature Standard
UNIT IV NETWORK SECURITY 8
Authentication Applications: Kerberos – X.509 Authentication Service – Electronic Mail
Security – PGP – S/MIME - IP Security – Web Security.
UNIT V SYSTEM LEVEL SECURITY 8
Intrusion detection – password management – Viruses and related Threats – Virus
Counter measures – Firewall Design Principles – Trusted Systems.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. William Stallings, “Cryptography And Network Security – Principles and Practices”,
Pearson Education, Third Edition, 2003.
2. Behrouz A. Foruzan, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007
REFERENCES
1. Bruce Schneier, “Applied Cryptography”, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2001.
2. Charles B. Pfleeger, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, “Security in Computing”, Third Edition,
Pearson Education, 2003
3. Wade Trappe and Lawrence C. Washington , “ Introduction to Cryptography with
coding theory” , Pearson Education, 2007.
4. Wenbo Mao, “ Modern Cryptography Theory and Practice” , Pearson Education ,
2007
5. Thomas Calabrese, “Information Security Intelligence : Cryptographic Principles and
Applications”, Thomson Delmar Learning,2006.
6. Atul Kahate, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.
EC2036 INFORMATION THEORY L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF INFORMATION 8
Basic inequalities, Entropy, Kullback-Leibler distance, Mutual information, Bounds on
entropy, Fisher information , Cramer Rao inequality, Second law of thermodynamics ,
Sufficient statistic , Entropy rates of a Stochastic process
UNIT II CAPACITY OF NOISELESS CHANNEL 8
Fundamental theorem for a noiseless channel ,Data compression , Kraft inequality ,
Shannon-Fano codes , Huffman codes , Asymptotic equipartition , Rate distortion theory
.
UNIT III CHANNEL CAPACITY 9
Properties of channel capacity , Jointly typical sequences , Channel Coding Theorem,
converse to channel coding theorem, Joint source channel coding theorem ,
UNIT IV DIFFERENTIAL ENTROPY AND GAUSSIAN CHANNEL 9
AEP for continuous random variables, relationship between continuous and discrete
entropy, properties of differential entropy, Gaussian channel definitions, converse to
coding theorem for Gaussian channel, channels with colored noise, Gaussian channels
with feedback .
52
UNIT V NETWORK INFORMATION THEORY 11
Gaussian multiple user channels , Multiple access channel , Encoding of correlated
sources , Broadcast channel , Relay channel , Source coding and rate distortion with
side information , General multi-terminal networks.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOK
1. Elements of Information theory – Thomas Cover, Joy Thomas : Wiley 1999
REFERENCE
1. Information theory, inference & learning algorithms – David Mackay year?
EC2037 MULTIMEDIA COMPRESSION AND COMMUNICATION L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS 9
Introduction - Multimedia skills - Multimedia components and their chacracteristics -
Text, sound, images, graphics, animation, video, hardware.
UNIT II AUDIO AND VIDEO COMPRESSION 9
Audio compression–DPCM-Adaptive PCM –adaptive predictive coding-linear Predictive
coding-code excited LPC-perpetual coding Video compression –principles-H.261-H.263-
MPEG 1, 2, 4.
UNIT III TEXT AND IMAGE COMPRESSION 9
Compression principles-source encoders and destination encoders-lossless and lossy
compression-entropy encoding –source encoding -text compression –static Huffman
coding dynamic coding –arithmetic coding –Lempel ziv-welsh Compression-image
compression
UNIT IV VoIP TECHNOLOGY 9
Basics of IP transport, VoIP challenges, H.323/ SIP –Network Architecture, Protocols,
Call establishment and release, VoIP and SS7, Quality of Service- CODEC Methods-
VOIP applicability
UNIT V MULTIMEDIA NETWORKING 9
Multimedia networking -Applications-streamed stored and audio-making the best Effort
service-protocols for real time interactive Applications-distributing multimedia-beyond
best effort service-secluding and policing Mechanisms-integrated services-differentiated
Services-RSVP.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Fred Halsall “Multimedia communication - applications, networks, protocols and
standards”, Pearson education, 2007.
2. Tay Vaughan, “Multideai: making it work”, 7/e, TMH 2007
53
3. Kurose and W.Ross” Computer Networking “a Top down approach, Pearson
education
REFERENCES
1. Marcus gonzalves “Voice over IP Networks”, Mcgaraw hill
2. KR. Rao,Z S Bojkovic, D A Milovanovic, “Multimedia Communication Systems:
Techniques, Standards, and Networks”, Pearson Education 2007
3. R. Steimnetz, K. Nahrstedt, “Multimedia Computing, Communications and
Applications”, Pearson Education
4. Ranjan Parekh, “Principles of Multimedia”, TMH 2006
EC2039 PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO PARALLEL PROCESSING AND PARALLEL
ARCHITECTURES 9
Need and definition of parallel processing, shared memory multiprocessing, Distributed
memory, using parallelism, tools and languages, Parallelism in sequential machines,
Multiprocessor architecture, Pipelining, Array processors.
UNIT II SHARED MEMORY PROGRAMMING AND THREAD BASED
IMPLEMENTATION 9
Shared Memory Programming and its general model, Process model under UNIX,
Thread management, Example with threads, Attributes of Threads, Mutual Exclusion
with threads and Thread implementation..
UNIT III DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING – MESSAGE PASSING AND RPC MODEL 9
Message-passing model, General model, programming model, PVM, Remote procedure
calls (RPC), Parameter passing, JAVA Remote Method Invocation, Distributed
computing environment(DCE), Developing Applications in DCE.
UNIT IV DEBUGGING PARALLEL PROGRAMS AND OTHER PARALLELISM
PARADIGMS 9
Debugging Techniques, Debugging Message passing parallel programs and shared
memory parallel programs, Dataflow computing, systolic architectures, functional and
logic paradigms, distributed shared memory.
UNIT V DISTRIBUTED DATABASES AND DISTRIBUTED OPERATING
SYSTEMS 9
Reasons for and objectives of distributed databases, issues and systems, distribution
options, concurrency control, DDBMS structure. Need for Distributed operating systems,
network operating systems, distributed OS, Goals of DOS and Design issues.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. M.Sasikumar, D.Shikhare and P. Ravi Prakash, “Introduction to Parallel processing”.
PHI 2006.
2. V. Rajaraman, C. Siva Ram Murthy, “Parallel computers: Architecture and
programming”, PHI 2006.
54
REFERENCES
1. Harry F. Jordan, Gita Alaghband, “Fundamentals of parallel processing”, PHI 2006.
2. Quinn, M.J., “Designing Efficient Algorithms for Parallel Computers”, McGraw
-Hill, 1995.
3. Culler, D.E., “Parallel Computer Architecture”, A Hardware – Software approach,
Harcourt Asia Pte. Ltd., 1999
EC2041 AVIONICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction to aircraft – Axes system – Parts, importance and role of Avionics – systems
which interface directly with pilot – Aircraft state sensor systems – Navigation systems –
External world sensor systems – task automation systems. Avionics architecture
evolution. Avionics Data buses - MIL STD 1553, ARINC 429, ARINC 629.
UNIT II RADIO NAVIGATION 9
Types of Radio Navigation – ADF, DME, VOR, LORAN, DECCA, OMEGA. ILS, MLS
UNIT III INERTIAL AND SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 9
Inertial sensors – Gyroscopes, Accelerometers, Inertial navigation systems – Block
diagram, Platform and strap down INS. Satellite Navigation - GPS
UNIT IV AIR DATA SYSTEMS AND AUTOPILOT 9
Air data quantities – Altitude, Airspeed, Mach no., Vertical speed, Total Air temperature,
Stall warning, Altitude warning. Autopilot – basic principles – longitudinal and lateral
autopilot.
UNIT V AIRCRAFT DISPLAYS 9
Display technologies – LED, LCD, CRT, Flat Panel Display. Primary Flight parameter
displays - Head Up Display, Helmet Mounted Display, Night vision goggles, Head Down
Display, MFD, MFK, Virtual cockpit.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Albert Helfrick. D, ‘Principles of Avionics’, Avionics communications Inc., 2004
2. Collinson, R.P.G, ‘Introduction to Avionics’, Chapman and Hall, 1996.
REFERENCES:
1. Middleton, D.H, ‘Avionics Systems’, Longman Scientific and Technical, Longman
Group UK Ltd, England, 1989.
2. Spitzer, C.R. ‘Digital Avionics Systems’, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., USA
1993.
3. Spitzer, C.R, ‘The Avionics Handbook’, CRC Press, 2000.
4. Pallet, E.H.J, ‘Aircraft Instruments and Integrated Systems’, Longman Scientific
55
GE2071 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I 9
Introduction – Invention and Creativity – Intellectual Property (IP) – Importance –
Protection of IPR – Basic types of property (i). Movable Property - Immovable Property
and - Intellectual Property.
UNIT II 9
IP – Patents – Copyrights and related rights – Trade Marks and rights arising from
Trademark registration – Definitions – Industrial Designs and Integrated circuits –
Protection of Geographical Indications at national and International levels – Application
Procedures..
UNIT III 9
International convention relating to Intellectual Property – Establishment of WIPO –
Mission and Activities – History – General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT) –
TRIPS Agreement.
UNIT IV 9
Indian Position Vs WTO and Strategies – Indian IPR legislations – commitments to
WTO-Patent Ordinance and the Bill – Draft of a national Intellectual Property Policy –
Present against unfair competition.
UNIT V 9
Case Studies on – Patents (Basumati rice, turmeric, Neem, etc.) – Copyright and related
rights – Trade Marks – Industrial design and Integrated circuits – Geographic indications
– Protection against unfair competition.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Subbaram N.R. “Handbook of Indian Patent Law and Practice “, S. Viswanathan
Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1998.
REFERENCES:
1. Eli Whitney, United States Patent Number: 72X, Cotton Gin, March 14, 1794.
2. Intellectual Property Today: Volume 8, No. 5, May 2001, [www.iptoday.com].
3. Using the Internet for non-patent prior art searches, Derwent IP Matters, July 2000.
www.ipmatters.net/features/000707_gibbs.html.
GE2021 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I ENGINEERING ETHICS 9
Senses of ‘Engineering Ethics’ – Variety of moral issues – Types of inquiry – Moral
dilemmas – Moral Autonomy – Kohlberg’s theory – Gilligan’s theory – Consensus and
Controversy – Professions and Professionalism – Professional Ideals and Virtues –
Uses of Ethical Theories
56
UNIT II ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION 9
Engineering as Experimentation – Engineers as responsible Experimenters – Research
Ethics - Codes of Ethics – Industrial Standards - A Balanced Outlook on Law – The
Challenger Case Study
UNIT III ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFETY 9
Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk – Risk Benefit Analysis – Reducing
Risk – The Government Regulator’s Approach to Risk - Chernobyl Case Studies and
Bhopal
UNIT IV RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS 9
Collegiality and Loyalty – Respect for Authority – Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality
– Conflicts of Interest – Occupational Crime – Professional Rights – Employee Rights –
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Discrimination
UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES 9
Multinational Corporations – Business Ethics - Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics -
Role in Technological Development – Weapons Development – Engineers as Managers
– Consulting Engineers – Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors – Honesty –
Moral Leadership – Sample Code of Conduct
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw Hill, New York,
2005.
2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics –
Concepts and Cases”, Thompson Learning, 2000.
REFERENCES:
1. Charles D Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall, New Mexico, 1999.
2. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, 2003
3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and
Engineers”, Oxford University Press, 2001.
4. Prof. (Col) P S Bajaj and Dr. Raj Agrawal, “Business Ethics – An Indian Perspective”,
Biztantra, New Delhi, 2004.
5. David Ermann and Michele S Shauf, “Computers, Ethics and Society”, Oxford
University Press, (2003)
click here to read more: http://aimforhigh.blogspot.com/2010/06/anna-university-be-ece-7th-semester.html#ixzz1No5LXl8P
more question bank and prevoius year question paper
Posted by lee
ANNA UNIVERSITY BE ECE 7TH SEMESTER SYLLABUS REGULATION 2008
SEMESTER VII
(Applicable to the students admitted from the Academic year 2008–2009 onwards)
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
THEORY
EC2401 Wireless Communication 3 0 0 3
EC2402 Optical Communication and Networking 3 0 0 3
EC2403 RF and Microwave Engineering 3 0 0 3
Elective II 3 0 0 3
Elective III 3 0 0 3
Elective IV 3 0 0 3
PRACTICAL
EC2404 Electronics System Design Lab 0 0 3 2
EC2405 Optical & Microwave Lab 0 0 3 2
TOTAL 18 0 6 22
SEMESTER VII - Elective II
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
EC2030 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 3 0 0 3
GE2022 Total Quality Management 3 0 0 3
EC2035 Cryptography and Network Security 3 0 0 3
EC2036 Information Theory 3 0 0 3
GE2071 Intellectual Property Rights 3 0 0 3
GE2021 Professional Ethics in Engineering 3 0 0 3
SEMESTER VII - Elective III
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
EC2027 Advanced Microprocessors
EC2028 Internet and Java 3 0 0 3
CS2060 High Speed Networks 3 0 0 3
CS2053 Soft Computing 3 0 0 3
EC2037 Multimedia Compression & Communication 3 0 0 3
EC2039 Parallel and Distributed Processing 3 0 0 3
17
SEMESTER VII - Elective IV
CODE NO. COURSE TITLE L T P C
EC2029 Digital Image Processing 3 0 0 3
EC2031 Electromagnetic Interference and Compatibility 3 0 0 3
EC2033 Power Electronics 3 0 0 3
EC2034 Television and Video Engineering 3 0 0 3
EC2038 Nano Electronics 3 0 0 3
EC2041 Avionics 3 0 0 3
EC2401 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I SERVICES AND TECHNICAL CHALLENGES 9
Types of Services, Requirements for the services, Multipath propagation, Spectrum
Limitations, Noise and Interference limited systems, Principles of Cellular networks,
Multiple Access Schemes.
UNIT II WIRELESS PROPAGATION CHANNELS 9
Propagation Mechanisms (Qualitative treatment), Propagation effects with mobile radio,
Channel Classification, Link calculations, Narrowband and Wideband models.
28
UNIT III WIRELESS TRANSCEIVERS 9
Structure of a wireless communication link, Modulation and demodulation – Quadrature
Phase Shift Keying, /4-Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, Offset-Quadrature
Phase Shift Keying, Binary Frequency Shift Keying, Minimum Shift Keying, Gaussian
Minimum Shift Keying, Power spectrum and Error performance in fading channels.
UNIT IV SIGNAL PROCESSING IN WIRELESS SYSTEMS 9
Principle of Diversity, Macrodiversity, Microdiversity, Signal Combining Techniques,
Transmit diversity, Equalisers- Linear and Decision Feedback equalisers, Review of
Channel coding and Speech coding techniques.
UNIT V ADVANCED TRANSCEIVER SCHEMES 9
Spread Spectrum Systems- Cellular Code Division Multiple Access Systems- Principle,
Power control, Effects of multipath propagation on Code Division Multiple Access,
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing – Principle, Cyclic Prefix, Transceiver
implementation, Second Generation(GSM, IS–95) and Third Generation Wireless
Networks and Standards
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Andreas.F. Molisch, “Wireless Communications”, John Wiley – India, 2006.
2. Simon Haykin & Michael Moher, “Modern Wireless Communications”, Pearson
Education, 2007.
REFERENCES:
1. Rappaport. T.S., “Wireless communications”, Pearson Education, 2003.
2. Gordon L. Stuber, “Principles of Mobile Communication”, Springer International Ltd.,
2001.
3. Andrea Goldsmith, Wireless Communications, Cambridge University Press, 2007.
EC2402 OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction, Ray theory transmission- Total internal reflection-Acceptance angle –
Numerical aperture – Skew rays – Electromagnetic mode theory of optical propagation –
EM waves – modes in Planar guide – phase and group velocity – cylindrical fibers –
SM fibers.
UNIT II TRANSMISSION CHARACTERISTICS OF OPTICAL FIBERS 9
Attenuation – Material absorption losses in silica glass fibers – Linear and Non linear
Scattering losses - Fiber Bend losses – Midband and farband infra red transmission –
Intra and inter Modal Dispersion – Over all Fiber Dispersion – Polarization- non linear
Phenomena. Optical fiber connectors, Fiber alignment and Joint Losses – Fiber Splices
– Fiber connectors – Expanded Beam Connectors – Fiber Couplers.
29
UNIT III SOURCES AND DETECTORS 9
Optical sources: Light Emitting Diodes - LED structures - surface and edge emitters,
mono and hetero structures - internal - quantum efficiency, injection laser diode
structures - comparison of LED and ILD
Optical Detectors: PIN Photo detectors, Avalanche photo diodes, construction,
characteristics and properties, Comparison of performance, Photo detector noise -Noise
sources , Signal to Noise ratio , Detector response time.
UNIT IV FIBER OPTIC RECEIVER AND MEASUREMENTS 9
Fundamental receiver operation, Pre amplifiers, Error sources – Receiver Configuration
– Probability of Error – Quantum limit.
Fiber Attenuation measurements- Dispersion measurements – Fiber Refractive index
profile measurements – Fiber cut- off Wave length Measurements – Fiber Numerical
Aperture Measurements – Fiber diameter measurements.
UNIT V OPTICAL NETWORKS 9
Basic Networks – SONET / SDH – Broadcast – and –select WDM Networks –
Wavelength Routed Networks – Non linear effects on Network performance –
Performance of WDM + EDFA system – Solitons – Optical CDMA – Ultra High Capacity
Networks.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Optical Fiber Communication – John M. Senior – Pearson Education – Second
Edition. 2007
2. Optical Fiber Communication – Gerd Keiser – Mc Graw Hill – Third Edition. 2000
REFERENCES:
1.J.Gower, “Optical Communication System”, Prentice Hall of India, 2001
2. Rajiv Ramaswami, “Optical Networks “ , Second Edition, Elsevier , 2004.
3. Govind P. Agrawal, “ Fiber-optic communication systems”, third edition, John Wiley &
sons, 2004.
4. R.P. Khare, “Fiber Optics and Optoelectronics”, Oxford University Press, 2007.
30
EC2403 RF AND MICROWAVE ENGINEERING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I TWO PORT RF NETWORKS-CIRCUIT REPRESENTATION 9
Low frequency parameters-impedance ,admittance, hybrid and ABCD. High frequency
parameters-Formulation of S parameters, properties of S parameters-Reciprocal and
lossless networks, transmission matrix, Introduction to component basics, wire, resistor,
capacitor and inductor, applications of RF
UNIT II RF TRANSISTOR AMPLIFIER DESIGN AND MATCHING NETWORKS
9
Amplifier power relation, stability considerations, gain considerations noise figure,
impedance matching networks, frequency response, T and Π matching networks,
microstripline matching networks
UNIT III MICROWAVE PASSIVE COMPONENTS 9
Microwave frequency range, significance of microwave frequency range - applications of
microwaves. Scattering matrix -Concept of N port scattering matrix representation-
Properties of S matrix- S matrix formulation of two-port junction. Microwave junctions -
Tee junctions -Magic Tee - Rat race - Corners - bends and twists - Directional couplers -
two hole directional couplers- Ferrites - important microwave properties and applications
– Termination - Gyrator- Isolator-Circulator - Attenuator - Phase changer – S Matrix for
microwave components – Cylindrical cavity resonators.
UNIT IV MICROWAVE SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES 9
Microwave semiconductor devices- operation - characteristics and application of BJTs
and FETs -Principles of tunnel diodes - Varactor and Step recovery diodes - Transferred
Electron Devices -Gunn diode- Avalanche Transit time devices- IMPATT and TRAPATT
devices. Parametric devices -Principles of operation - applications of parametric
amplifier .Microwave monolithic integrated circuit (MMIC) - Materials and fabrication
techniques
UNIT V MICROWAVE TUBES AND MEASUREMENTS 9
Microwave tubes- High frequency limitations - Principle of operation of Multicavity
Klystron, Reflex Klystron, Traveling Wave Tube, Magnetron. Microwave measurements:
Measurement of power, wavelength, impedance, SWR, attenuation, Q and Phase shift.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
31
TEXT BOOK:
1) Samuel Y Liao, “Microwave Devices & Circuits” , Prentice Hall of India, 2006.
2) Reinhold.Ludwig and Pavel Bretshko ‘RF Circuit Design”, Pearson Education, Inc.,
2006
REFERENCES:
1. Robert. E.Collin-Foundation of Microwave Engg –Mc Graw Hill.
2. Annapurna Das and Sisir K Das, “Microwave Engineering”, Tata Mc Graw
3. Hill Inc., 2004.
4. M.M.Radmanesh , RF & Microwave Electronics Illustrated, Pearson
Education, 2007.
5. Robert E.Colin, 2ed “Foundations for Microwave Engineering”, McGraw Hill, 2001
6. D.M.Pozar, “Microwave Engineering.”, John Wiley & sons, Inc., 2006.
EC2404 ELECTRONICS SYSTEM DESIGN LAB L T P C
0 0 3 2
1. Design of a 4-20mA transmitter for a bridge type transducer.
Design the Instrumentation amplifier with the bridge type transducer (Thermistor
or any resistance variation transducers) and convert the amplified voltage from
the instrumentation amplifier to 4 – 20 mA current using op-amp. Plot the
variation of the temperature Vs output current.
2. Design of AC/DC voltage regulator using SCR
Design a phase controlled voltage regulator using full wave rectifier and SCR,
vary the conduction angle and plot the output voltage.
3. Design of process control timer
Design a sequential timer to switch on & off at least 3 relays in a particular
sequence using timer IC.
4. Design of AM / FM modulator / demodulator
i. Design AM signal using multiplier IC for the given carrier frequency and
modulation index and demodulate the AM signal using envelope detector.
ii. Design FM signal using VCO IC NE566 for the given carrier frequency and
demodulate the same using PLL NE 565.
5. Design of Wireless data modem.
Design a FSK modulator using 555/XR 2206 and convert it to sine wave using
filter and transmit the same using IR LED and demodulate the same PLL NE
565/XR 2212.
6. PCB layout design using CAD
Drawing the schematic of simple electronic circuit and design of PCB layout
using CAD
7. Microcontroller based systems design
Design of microcontroller based system for simple applications like security
systems combination lock.
8. DSP based system design
Design a DSP based system for echo cancellation, using TMS/ADSP DSP kit.
9. Psuedo-random Sequence Generator
10. Arithmetic Logic Unit Design
Note: Kits should not be used. Instead each experiment may be given as mini project.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
32
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:
1) Dual Power supply ±15V
Ammeter (Multimeter)
Temperature Measurement Transducer
2) Power Supply (for IC 555)
Relays
Indicator LEDs
3) System with ARCAD Software
4) TMS320C5416 (with CCS) and system, speaker
5) 8051 based Trainer kit, and system with interfaces like ADC, DAC, Keyboard and
display
6) CRO – 5
7) Function Generator – 5
8) Regulated Power supply – [0-30V)-10, 5V-2
9) Transistors and Diodes – 2N3055, BFW10, BC547, BT012, IN4007, CED, SL100
10) ICs – IC741, IC7414, IC555, IC7805, IC7474, IC7107
11) Resistors – 5.6K, 56K, 9K, 22K, 100K, 27Ώ
12) Capacitors – 0.1μf, 100μf, 50μf, 10nf,47nf
13) 8Ώ Speaker
14) TSOP
EC2405 OPTICAL & MICROWAVE LAB L T P C
0 0 3 2
Microwave Experiments:
1. Reflex Klystron – Mode characteristics
2. Gunn Diode – Characteristics
3. VSWR, Frequency and Wave Length Measurement
4. Directional Coupler – Directivity and Coupling Coefficient – S – parameter
measurement
5. Isolator and Circulator – S - parameter measurement
6. Attenuation and Power measurement
7. S - matrix Characterization of E-Plane T, H-Plane T and Magic T.
8. Radiation Pattern of Antennas.
9. Antenna Gain Measurement
Optical Experiments:
1. DC characteristics of LED and PIN Photo Diode.
2. Mode Characteristics of Fibers
3. Measurement of Connector and Bending Losses.
4. Fiber Optic Analog and Digital Link
5. Numerical Aperture Determination for Fibers
6. Attenuation Measurement in Fibers
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
33
Microwave Experiments:
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:
1) Klystron Power Supply – 6
2) Reflex Klystron Oscillator – 6 (X band)
3) Gunn Power Supply – 3
4) Gunn Oscillator – 3 (X band)
5) Isolator – 9
6) Variable attenuator – 9 (0.6 dB)
7) PIN modulator – 3
8) Slotted waveguide Section with Probe and Carriage – 2
9) Frequency meter (direct reading type) – 4
10) Directional coupler 3dB, 10dB – 1 each
11) Circulator – 1
12) E Plane T, H Plane T, Magic T – 2 each
13) Horn antenna – 2 (X band) compatible
14) Turn table for antenna measurement – 1
15) Waveguide stands – 30
16) Detectors – 10
17) Network analyzer (Scalar or Vector) – 1
18) Power meter
19) BNC to BNC and BNC to TNC Cables – Required numbers
20) Bolts, nuts and Screws and Screw driver – Required numbers
Optical Experiments:
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:
1) 850 nm LED Module – 3 Nos
2) 850 nm PIN Photo Diode Module – 2 Nos
3) Glass / Plastic Fiber Patch Cords – 1 meter length
4) Optical Power meter – 2 Nos
5) Stabilized Current Source (0-100 mA) – 3 Nos
6) Variable Supply (0-30v) – 2 Nos
7) Digital Multimeter – 2 Nos
8) Fiber Spools of Varied length with Connectors
9) Numerical Aperture measurement kit – 1No
10) Fiber Optic Analog Tranceiver kit/Module – 1 No
11) Fiber Optic Digital Tranceiver kit/Module – 1 No
12) CRO (0-100MHZ) – 2 Nos
13) Signal Generator – 1 No
14) Pulse Generator – 1 No
ELECTIVE
EC2030 ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I DISCRETE RANDOM PROCESS 9
Discrete random process – Ensemble averages, Stationary and ergodic processes,
Autocorrelation and Autocovariance properties and matrices, White noise, Power
Spectral Density, Spectral Factorization, Innovations Representation and Process,
Filtering random processes, ARMA, AR and MA processes.
UNIT II SPECTRAL ESTIMATION 9
Bias and Consistency, Periodogram, Modified periodogram, Blackman-Tukey method,
Welch method, Parametric methods of spectral estimation, Levinson-Durbin recursion.
UNIT III LINEAR ESTIMATION AND PREDICTION 9
Forward and Backward linear prediction, Filtering - FIR Wiener filter- Filtering and linear
prediction, non-causal and causal IIR Wiener filters, Discrete Kalman filter.
UNIT IV ADAPTIVE FILTERS 9
Principles of adaptive filter – FIR adaptive filter – Newton’s Steepest descent algorithm –
Derivation of first order adaptive filter – LMS adaptation algorithms – Adaptive noise
cancellation, Adaptive equalizer, Adaptive echo cancellors.
UNIT V ADVANCED TRANSFORM TECHNIQUES 9
2-D Discrete Fourier transform and properties– Applications to image smoothing and
sharpening – Continuous and Discrete wavelet transforms – Multiresolution Analysis –
Application to signal compression.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Monson H Hayes,” Statistical Digital Signal processing and Modeling”, Wiley Student
Edition, John Wiley and Sons, 2004.
2. R.C. Gonzalez and R.E. Woods, “ Digital Image Processing”, Pearson, Second
Edition, 2004.
REFERENCES:
1. John G Proakis and Manolakis, “ Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms and
Applications”, Pearson, Fourth Edition, 2007.
2. Sophocles J. Orfanidis, Optimum Signal Processing, An Introduction, McGraw Hill,
1990.
44
EC2031 ELECTROMAGNETIC INTERFERENCE AND COMPATIBILITY L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I BASIC CONCEPTS 9
Definition of EMI and EMC with examples, Classification of EMI/EMC - CE, RE, CS, RS,
Units of Parameters, Sources of EMI, EMI coupling modes - CM and DM, ESD
Phenomena and effects, Transient phenomena and suppression.
UNIT II EMI MEASUREMENTS 9
Basic principles of RE, CE, RS and CS measurements, EMI measuring instruments-
Antennas, LISN, Feed through capacitor, current probe, EMC analyzer and detection
t6echnique open area site, shielded anechoic chamber, TEM cell.
UNIT III EMC STANDARD AND REGULATIONS 8
National and Intentional standardizing organizations- FCC, CISPR, ANSI, DOD, IEC,
CENEEC, FCC CE and RE standards, CISPR, CE and RE Standards, IEC/EN, CS
standards, Frequency assignment - spectrum conversation.
UNIT IV EMI CONTROL METHODS AND FIXES 10
Shielding, Grounding, Bonding, Filtering, EMI gasket, Isolation transformer, opto isolator.
UNIT V EMC DESIGN AND INTERCONNECTION TECHNIQUES 9
Cable routing and connection, Component selection and mounting, PCB design- Trace
routing, Impedance control, decoupling, Zoning and grounding
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Prasad Kodali.V – Engineering Electromagnetic Compatibility – S.Chand&Co – New
Delhi – 2000
2. Clayton R.Paul – Introduction to Electromagnetic compatibility – John Wiley & Sons
– 1992
REFERENCES
1. Keiser – Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility – Artech House – 3rd Edition –
1994
2. Donwhite Consultant Incorporate – Handbook of EMI / EMC – Vol I - 1985
CS2060 HIGH SPEED NETWORKS LT P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I HIGH SPEED NETWORKS 9
Frame Relay Networks – Asynchronous transfer mode – ATM Protocol Architecture,
ATM logical Connection, ATM Cell – ATM Service Categories – AAL, High Speed LANs:
Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet, Fiber Channel – Wireless LANs: applications,
requirements – Architecture of 802.11
45
UNIT II CONGESTION AND TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT 8
Queuing Analysis- Queuing Models – Single Server Queues – Effects of Congestion –
Congestion Control – Traffic Management – Congestion Control in Packet Switching
Networks – Frame Relay Congestion Control.
UNIT III TCP AND ATM CONGESTION CONTROL 11
TCP Flow control – TCP Congestion Control – Retransmission – Timer Management –
Exponential RTO backoff – KARN’s Algorithm – Window management – Performance of
TCP over ATM. Traffic and Congestion control in ATM – Requirements – Attributes –
Traffic Management Frame work, Traffic Control – ABR traffic Management – ABR rate
control, RM cell formats, ABR Capacity allocations – GFR traffic management.
UNIT IV INTEGRATED AND DIFFERENTIATED SERVICES 8
Integrated Services Architecture – Approach, Components, Services- Queuing
Discipline, FQ, PS, BRFQ, GPS, WFQ – Random Early Detection, Differentiated
Services
UNIT V PROTOCOLS FOR QOS SUPPORT 9
RSVP – Goals & Characteristics, Data Flow, RSVP operations, Protocol Mechanisms –
Multiprotocol Label Switching – Operations, Label Stacking, Protocol details – RTP –
Protocol Architecture, Data Transfer Protocol, RTCP.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. William Stallings, “HIGH SPEED NETWORKS AND INTERNET”, Pearson
Education, Second Edition, 2002.
REFERENCES
1. Warland, Pravin Varaiya, “High performance communication networks”, Second
Edition , Jean Harcourt Asia Pvt. Ltd., , 2001.
2. Irvan Pepelnjk, Jim Guichard, Jeff Apcar, “MPLS and VPN architecture”,
Cisco Press, Volume 1 and 2, 2003.
3. Abhijit S. Pandya, Ercan Sea, “ATM Technology for Broad Band
Telecommunication Networks”, CRC Press, New York, 2004.
EC2033 POWER ELECTRONICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I POWER ELECTRONICS DEVICES 9
Characteristics of power devices – characteristics of SCR, diac, triac, SCS, GTO, PUJT
– power transistors – power FETs – LASCR – two transistor model of SCR – Protection
of thyristors against over voltage – over current, dv/dt and di/dt.
UNIT II TRIGGERING TECHNIQUES 9
Turn on circuits for SCR – triggering with single pulse and train of pulses – synchronizing
with supply – triggering with microprocessor – forced commutation – different techniques
– series and parallel operations of SCRs.
46
UNIT III CONTROLLED RECTIFIERS 9
Converters – single phase – three phase – half controlled and fully controlled rectifiers –
Waveforms of load voltage and line current under constant load current – effect of
transformer leakage inductance – dual converter.
UNIT IV INVERTERS 9
Voltage and current source inverters, resonant, Series inverter, PWM inverter. AC and
DC choppers – DC to DC converters – Buck, boost and buck – boost.
UNIT V INDUSTRIAL APPLICATIONS 9
DC motor drives – Induction and synchronous motor drives – switched reluctance and
brushless motor drives – Battery charger – SMPS – UPS – induction and dielectric
heating.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Muhamed H.Rashid : Power Electronics Circuits, Devices and Applications, 3rd
Edition. 2004 PHI.
2. M.D. Singh and K.B. Kanchandani, Power Electronics, 2nd Edition, TMH, 2007.
REFERENCES
1. Sen: Power Electronics, TMH, 1987.
2. Dubey: Thyristorised Power Controllers, Wiley Eastern 1986.
3. Vithayathil: Power Electronics – Principles and Applications, McGraw-Hill, 1995.
4. Lander: Power Electronics, 3rd Edition, McGraw-Hill, 1994.
5. Jacob, Power Electronics, Thomson Learning, 2002.
6. V.R. Moorthy, Power Electronics, Oxford University Press, 2005.
EC2034 TELEVISION AND VIDEO ENGINEERING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I FUNDAMENTALS OF TELEVISION 9
Aspect ratio-Image continuity-Number of scanning lines-Interlaced scanning-Picture
resolution-Camera tubes-Image Orthicon-Vidicon- Plumbicon- Silicon Diode Array
Vidicon- Solid-state Image scanners- Monochrome picture tubes- Composite video
signal- video signal dimension-horizontal sync. Composition-vertical sync. Detailsfunctions
of vertical pulse train- Scanning sequence details. Picture signal transmissionpositive
and negative modulation- VSB transmission- Sound signal transmission-
Standard channel bandwidth.
UNIT II MONOCHROME TELEVISION TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER 9
TV transmitter-TV signal Propagation- Interference- TV Transmission Antennas-
Monochrome TV receiver- RF tuner- UHF, VHF tuner-Digital tuning techniques-AFT-IF
subsystems-AGC Noise cancellation-Video and Sound inter-carrier detection-Vision IF
subsystem- DC re-insertion-Video amplifier circuits-Sync operation- typical sync
processing circuits-Deflection current waveforms, Deflection oscillators- Frame
deflection circuits- requirements- Line deflection circuits-EHT generation-Receiver
antennas.
UNIT III ESSENTIALS OF COLOUR TELEVISION 9
Compatibility- Colour perception-Three colour theory- Luminance, Hue and saturation-
Colour television cameras-Values of luminance and colour difference signals-Colour
47
television display tubes-Delta-gun Precision-in-line and Trinitron colour picture tubes-
Purity and convergence- Purity and static and Dynamic convergence adjustments-
Pincushion-correction techniques-Automatic degaussing circuit- Gray scale trackingcolour
signal transmission- Bandwidth-Modulation of colour difference signals-Weighting
factors-Formation of chrominance signal.
UNIT IV COLOUR TELEVISION SYSTEMS 9
NTSC colour TV systems-SECAM system- PAL colour TV systems- Cancellation of
phase errors-PAL-D Colour system-PAL coder-PAL-Decoder receiver-Chromo signal
amplifier-separation of U and V signals-colour burst separation-Burst phase
Discriminator-ACC amplifier-Reference Oscillator-Ident and colour killer circuits-U and V
demodulators- Colour signal matrixing. Sound in TV
UNIT V ADVANCED TELEVISION SYSTEMS 9
Satellite TV technology-Geo Stationary Satellites-Satellite Electronics-Domestic
Broadcast System-Cable TV-Cable Signal Sources-Cable Signal Processing,
Distribution & Scrambling- Video Recording-VCR Electronics-Video Home Formats-
Video Disc recording and playback-DVD Players-Tele Text Signal coding and broadcast
receiver- Digital television-Transmission and reception –Projection television-Flat panel
display TV receivers-LCD and Plasma screen receivers-3DTV-EDTV.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS
1. R.R.Gulati, “Monochrome Television Practice, Principles, Technology and servicing.”
Third Edition 2006, New Age International (P) Publishers.
2. R.R.Gulati, Monochrome & Color Television, New Age International Publisher, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. A.M Dhake, “Television and Video Engineering”, 2nd ed., TMH, 2003.
2. R.P.Bali, Color Television, Theory and Practice, Tata McGraw-Hill, 1994
EC2038 NANO ELECTRONICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY 9
Background to nanotechnology: Types of nanotechnology and nanomachines – periodic
table – atomic structure – molecules and phases – energy – molecular and atomic size –
surface and dimensional space – top down and bottom up; Molecular Nanotechnology:
Electron microscope – scanning electron microscope – atomic force microscope –
scanning tunnelling microscope – nanomanipulator – nanotweezers – atom manipulation
– nanodots – self assembly – dip pen nanolithography. Nanomaterials: preparation –
plasma arcing – chemical vapor deposition – sol-gels – electrodeposition – ball milling –
applications of nanomaterials;
UNIT II FUNDAMENTALS OF NANOELECTRONICS 9
Fundamentals of logic devices:- Requirements – dynamic properties – threshold gates;
physical limits to computations; concepts of logic devices:- classifications – two terminal
devices – field effect devices – coulomb blockade devices – spintronics – quantum
cellular automata – quantum computing – DNA computer; performance of information
processing systems;- basic binary operations, measure of performance processing
48
capability of biological neurons – performance estimation for the human brain. Ultimate
computation:- power dissipation limit – dissipation in reversible computation – the
ultimate computer.
UNIT III SILICON MOSFETs & QUANTUM TRANSPORT DEVICES 9
Silicon MOSFETS - Novel materials and alternate concepts:- fundamentals of MOSFET
Devices- scaling rules – silicon-dioxide based gate dielectrics – metal gates – junctions
& contacts – advanced MOSFET concepts.
Quantum transport devices based on resonant tunneling:- Electron tunneling – resonant
tunneling diodes – resonant tunneling devices; Single electron devices for logic
applications:- Single electron devices – applications of single electron devices to logic
circuits.
UNIT IV CARBON NANOTUBES 9
Carbon Nanotube: Fullerenes - types of nanotubes – formation of nanotubes –
assemblies – purification of carbon nanotubes – electronic propertics – synthesis of
carbon nanotubes – carbon nanotube interconnects – carbon nanotube FETs –
Nanotube for memory applications – prospects of an all carbon nanotube
nanoelectronics.
UNIT V MOLECULAR ELECTRONICS 9
Electrodes & contacts – functions – molecular electronic devices – first test systems –
simulation and circuit design – fabrication; Future applications: MEMS – robots – random
access memory – mass storage devices.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS
1. Michael Wilson, Kamali Kannangara, Geoff Smith, Michelle Simmons and Burkhard
Raguse, Nanotechnology: Basic Science and Emerging Technologies, Chapman &
Hall / CRC, 2002
2. T. Pradeep, NANO: The Essentials – Understanding Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology, TMH, 2007
3. Rainer Waser (Ed.), Nanoelectronics and Information Technology: Advanced
Electronic Materials and Novel Devices, Wiley-VCH, 2003
CS2053 SOFT COMPUTING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I FUZZY SET THEORY 10
Introduction to Neuro – Fuzzy and Soft Computing – Fuzzy Sets – Basic Definition and
Terminology – Set-theoretic Operations – Member Function Formulation and
Parameterization – Fuzzy Rules and Fuzzy Reasoning – Extension Principle and Fuzzy
Relations – Fuzzy If-Then Rules – Fuzzy Reasoning – Fuzzy Inference Systems –
Mamdani Fuzzy Models – Sugeno Fuzzy Models – Tsukamoto Fuzzy Models – Input
Space Partitioning and Fuzzy Modeling.
UNIT II OPTIMIZATION 8
Derivative-based Optimization – Descent Methods – The Method of Steepest Descent –
Classical Newton’s Method – Step Size Determination – Derivative-free Optimization –
Genetic Algorithms – Simulated Annealing – Random Search – Downhill Simplex
Search.
49
UNIT III ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 10
Introduction, Knowledge Representation – Reasoning, Issues and Acquisition:
Prepositional and Predicate Calculus Rule Based knowledge Representation Symbolic
Reasoning Under Uncertainity Basic knowledge Representation Issues Knowledge
acquisition – Heuristic Search: Techniques for Heuristic search Heuristic Classification -
State Space Search: Strategies Implementation of Graph Search Search based on
Recursion Patent-directed Search Production System and Learning.
UNIT IV NEURO FUZZY MODELING 9
Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference Systems – Architecture – Hybrid Learning Algorithm –
Learning Methods that Cross-fertilize ANFIS and RBFN – Coactive Neuro Fuzzy
Modeling – Framework Neuron Functions for Adaptive Networks – Neuro Fuzzy
Spectrum.
UNIT V APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 8
Printed Character Recognition – Inverse Kinematics Problems – Automobile Fuel
Efficiency Prediction – Soft Computing for Color Recipe Prediction.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. J.S.R.Jang, C.T.Sun and E.Mizutani, “Neuro-Fuzzy and Soft Computing”, PHI, 2004,
Pearson Education 2004.
2. N.P.Padhy, “Artificial Intelligence and Intelligent Systems”, Oxford University Press,
2006.
REFERENCES:
1. Elaine Rich & Kevin Knight, Artificial Intelligence, Second Edition, Tata Mcgraw Hill
Publishing Comp., 2006, New Delhi.
2. Timothy J.Ross, “Fuzzy Logic with Engineering Applications”, McGraw-Hill, 1997.
3. Davis E.Goldberg, “Genetic Algorithms: Search, Optimization and Machine Learning”,
Addison Wesley, N.Y., 1989.
4. S. Rajasekaran and G.A.V.Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic and Genetic
Algorithms”, PHI, 2003.
5. R.Eberhart, P.Simpson and R.Dobbins, “Computational Intelligence - PC Tools”, AP
Professional, Boston, 1996.
6. Amit Konar, “Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing Behaviour and Cognitive model
of the human brain”, CRC Press, 2008.
GE2022 TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction - Need for quality - Evolution of quality - Definition of quality - Dimensions of
manufacturing and service quality - Basic concepts of TQM - Definition of TQM – TQM
Framework - Contributions of Deming, Juran and Crosby – Barriers to TQM.
UNIT II TQM PRINCIPLES 9
Leadership – Strategic quality planning, Quality statements - Customer focus –
Customer orientation, Customer satisfaction, Customer complaints, Customer retention -
Employee involvement – Motivation, Empowerment, Team and Teamwork, Recognition
and Reward, Performance appraisal - Continuous process improvement – PDSA cycle,
5s, Kaizen - Supplier partnership – Partnering, Supplier selection, Supplier Rating.
50
UNIT III TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES I 9
The seven traditional tools of quality – New management tools – Six-sigma: Concepts,
methodology, applications to manufacturing, service sector including IT – Bench marking
– Reason to bench mark, Bench marking process – FMEA – Stages, Types.
UNIT IV TQM TOOLS & TECHNIQUES II 9
Quality circles – Quality Function Deployment (QFD) – Taguchi quality loss function –
TPM – Concepts, improvement needs – Cost of Quality – Performance measures.
UNIT V QUALITY SYSTEMS 9
Need for ISO 9000- ISO 9000-2000 Quality System – Elements, Documentation, Quality
auditing- QS 9000 – ISO 14000 – Concepts, Requirements and Benefits – Case studies
of TQM implementation in manufacturing and service sectors including IT.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOK
1. Dale H.Besterfiled, et at., “Total Quality Management”, Pearson Education Asia, 3rd
Edition, Indian Reprint (2006).
REFERENCES
1. James R. Evans and William M. Lindsay, “The Management and Control of Quality”,
6th Edition, South-Western (Thomson Learning), 2005.
2. Oakland, J.S., “TQM – Text with Cases”, Butterworth – Heinemann Ltd., Oxford, 3rd
Edition, 2003.
3. Suganthi,L and Anand Samuel, “Total Quality Management”, Prentice Hall (India)
Pvt. Ltd.,2006.
4. Janakiraman, B and Gopal, R.K, “Total Quality Management – Text and Cases”,
Prentice Hall (India) Pvt. Ltd., 2006.
EC2035 CRYPTOGRAPHY AND NETWORK SECURITY L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 10
OSI Security Architecture - Classical Encryption techniques – Cipher Principles – Data
Encryption Standard – Block Cipher Design Principles and Modes of Operation -
Evaluation criteria for AES – AES Cipher – Triple DES – Placement of Encryption
Function – Traffic Confidentiality
UNIT II PUBLIC KEY CRYPTOGRAPHY 10
Key Management - Diffie-Hellman key Exchange – Elliptic Curve Architecture and
Cryptography - Introduction to Number Theory – Confidentiality using Symmetric
Encryption – Public Key Cryptography and RSA.
UNIT III AUTHENTICATION AND HASH FUNCTION 9
Authentication requirements – Authentication functions – Message Authentication Codes
– Hash Functions – Security of Hash Functions and MACs – MD5 message Digest
51
algorithm - Secure Hash Algorithm – RIPEMD – HMAC Digital Signatures –
Authentication Protocols – Digital Signature Standard
UNIT IV NETWORK SECURITY 8
Authentication Applications: Kerberos – X.509 Authentication Service – Electronic Mail
Security – PGP – S/MIME - IP Security – Web Security.
UNIT V SYSTEM LEVEL SECURITY 8
Intrusion detection – password management – Viruses and related Threats – Virus
Counter measures – Firewall Design Principles – Trusted Systems.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. William Stallings, “Cryptography And Network Security – Principles and Practices”,
Pearson Education, Third Edition, 2003.
2. Behrouz A. Foruzan, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2007
REFERENCES
1. Bruce Schneier, “Applied Cryptography”, John Wiley & Sons Inc, 2001.
2. Charles B. Pfleeger, Shari Lawrence Pfleeger, “Security in Computing”, Third Edition,
Pearson Education, 2003
3. Wade Trappe and Lawrence C. Washington , “ Introduction to Cryptography with
coding theory” , Pearson Education, 2007.
4. Wenbo Mao, “ Modern Cryptography Theory and Practice” , Pearson Education ,
2007
5. Thomas Calabrese, “Information Security Intelligence : Cryptographic Principles and
Applications”, Thomson Delmar Learning,2006.
6. Atul Kahate, “Cryptography and Network Security”, Tata McGraw-Hill, 2003.
EC2036 INFORMATION THEORY L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I QUANTITATIVE STUDY OF INFORMATION 8
Basic inequalities, Entropy, Kullback-Leibler distance, Mutual information, Bounds on
entropy, Fisher information , Cramer Rao inequality, Second law of thermodynamics ,
Sufficient statistic , Entropy rates of a Stochastic process
UNIT II CAPACITY OF NOISELESS CHANNEL 8
Fundamental theorem for a noiseless channel ,Data compression , Kraft inequality ,
Shannon-Fano codes , Huffman codes , Asymptotic equipartition , Rate distortion theory
.
UNIT III CHANNEL CAPACITY 9
Properties of channel capacity , Jointly typical sequences , Channel Coding Theorem,
converse to channel coding theorem, Joint source channel coding theorem ,
UNIT IV DIFFERENTIAL ENTROPY AND GAUSSIAN CHANNEL 9
AEP for continuous random variables, relationship between continuous and discrete
entropy, properties of differential entropy, Gaussian channel definitions, converse to
coding theorem for Gaussian channel, channels with colored noise, Gaussian channels
with feedback .
52
UNIT V NETWORK INFORMATION THEORY 11
Gaussian multiple user channels , Multiple access channel , Encoding of correlated
sources , Broadcast channel , Relay channel , Source coding and rate distortion with
side information , General multi-terminal networks.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOK
1. Elements of Information theory – Thomas Cover, Joy Thomas : Wiley 1999
REFERENCE
1. Information theory, inference & learning algorithms – David Mackay year?
EC2037 MULTIMEDIA COMPRESSION AND COMMUNICATION L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I MULTIMEDIA COMPONENTS 9
Introduction - Multimedia skills - Multimedia components and their chacracteristics -
Text, sound, images, graphics, animation, video, hardware.
UNIT II AUDIO AND VIDEO COMPRESSION 9
Audio compression–DPCM-Adaptive PCM –adaptive predictive coding-linear Predictive
coding-code excited LPC-perpetual coding Video compression –principles-H.261-H.263-
MPEG 1, 2, 4.
UNIT III TEXT AND IMAGE COMPRESSION 9
Compression principles-source encoders and destination encoders-lossless and lossy
compression-entropy encoding –source encoding -text compression –static Huffman
coding dynamic coding –arithmetic coding –Lempel ziv-welsh Compression-image
compression
UNIT IV VoIP TECHNOLOGY 9
Basics of IP transport, VoIP challenges, H.323/ SIP –Network Architecture, Protocols,
Call establishment and release, VoIP and SS7, Quality of Service- CODEC Methods-
VOIP applicability
UNIT V MULTIMEDIA NETWORKING 9
Multimedia networking -Applications-streamed stored and audio-making the best Effort
service-protocols for real time interactive Applications-distributing multimedia-beyond
best effort service-secluding and policing Mechanisms-integrated services-differentiated
Services-RSVP.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. Fred Halsall “Multimedia communication - applications, networks, protocols and
standards”, Pearson education, 2007.
2. Tay Vaughan, “Multideai: making it work”, 7/e, TMH 2007
53
3. Kurose and W.Ross” Computer Networking “a Top down approach, Pearson
education
REFERENCES
1. Marcus gonzalves “Voice over IP Networks”, Mcgaraw hill
2. KR. Rao,Z S Bojkovic, D A Milovanovic, “Multimedia Communication Systems:
Techniques, Standards, and Networks”, Pearson Education 2007
3. R. Steimnetz, K. Nahrstedt, “Multimedia Computing, Communications and
Applications”, Pearson Education
4. Ranjan Parekh, “Principles of Multimedia”, TMH 2006
EC2039 PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO PARALLEL PROCESSING AND PARALLEL
ARCHITECTURES 9
Need and definition of parallel processing, shared memory multiprocessing, Distributed
memory, using parallelism, tools and languages, Parallelism in sequential machines,
Multiprocessor architecture, Pipelining, Array processors.
UNIT II SHARED MEMORY PROGRAMMING AND THREAD BASED
IMPLEMENTATION 9
Shared Memory Programming and its general model, Process model under UNIX,
Thread management, Example with threads, Attributes of Threads, Mutual Exclusion
with threads and Thread implementation..
UNIT III DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING – MESSAGE PASSING AND RPC MODEL 9
Message-passing model, General model, programming model, PVM, Remote procedure
calls (RPC), Parameter passing, JAVA Remote Method Invocation, Distributed
computing environment(DCE), Developing Applications in DCE.
UNIT IV DEBUGGING PARALLEL PROGRAMS AND OTHER PARALLELISM
PARADIGMS 9
Debugging Techniques, Debugging Message passing parallel programs and shared
memory parallel programs, Dataflow computing, systolic architectures, functional and
logic paradigms, distributed shared memory.
UNIT V DISTRIBUTED DATABASES AND DISTRIBUTED OPERATING
SYSTEMS 9
Reasons for and objectives of distributed databases, issues and systems, distribution
options, concurrency control, DDBMS structure. Need for Distributed operating systems,
network operating systems, distributed OS, Goals of DOS and Design issues.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS
1. M.Sasikumar, D.Shikhare and P. Ravi Prakash, “Introduction to Parallel processing”.
PHI 2006.
2. V. Rajaraman, C. Siva Ram Murthy, “Parallel computers: Architecture and
programming”, PHI 2006.
54
REFERENCES
1. Harry F. Jordan, Gita Alaghband, “Fundamentals of parallel processing”, PHI 2006.
2. Quinn, M.J., “Designing Efficient Algorithms for Parallel Computers”, McGraw
-Hill, 1995.
3. Culler, D.E., “Parallel Computer Architecture”, A Hardware – Software approach,
Harcourt Asia Pte. Ltd., 1999
EC2041 AVIONICS L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I INTRODUCTION 9
Introduction to aircraft – Axes system – Parts, importance and role of Avionics – systems
which interface directly with pilot – Aircraft state sensor systems – Navigation systems –
External world sensor systems – task automation systems. Avionics architecture
evolution. Avionics Data buses - MIL STD 1553, ARINC 429, ARINC 629.
UNIT II RADIO NAVIGATION 9
Types of Radio Navigation – ADF, DME, VOR, LORAN, DECCA, OMEGA. ILS, MLS
UNIT III INERTIAL AND SATELLITE NAVIGATION SYSTEMS 9
Inertial sensors – Gyroscopes, Accelerometers, Inertial navigation systems – Block
diagram, Platform and strap down INS. Satellite Navigation - GPS
UNIT IV AIR DATA SYSTEMS AND AUTOPILOT 9
Air data quantities – Altitude, Airspeed, Mach no., Vertical speed, Total Air temperature,
Stall warning, Altitude warning. Autopilot – basic principles – longitudinal and lateral
autopilot.
UNIT V AIRCRAFT DISPLAYS 9
Display technologies – LED, LCD, CRT, Flat Panel Display. Primary Flight parameter
displays - Head Up Display, Helmet Mounted Display, Night vision goggles, Head Down
Display, MFD, MFK, Virtual cockpit.
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS
TEXTBOOKS:
1. Albert Helfrick. D, ‘Principles of Avionics’, Avionics communications Inc., 2004
2. Collinson, R.P.G, ‘Introduction to Avionics’, Chapman and Hall, 1996.
REFERENCES:
1. Middleton, D.H, ‘Avionics Systems’, Longman Scientific and Technical, Longman
Group UK Ltd, England, 1989.
2. Spitzer, C.R. ‘Digital Avionics Systems’, Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., USA
1993.
3. Spitzer, C.R, ‘The Avionics Handbook’, CRC Press, 2000.
4. Pallet, E.H.J, ‘Aircraft Instruments and Integrated Systems’, Longman Scientific
55
GE2071 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I 9
Introduction – Invention and Creativity – Intellectual Property (IP) – Importance –
Protection of IPR – Basic types of property (i). Movable Property - Immovable Property
and - Intellectual Property.
UNIT II 9
IP – Patents – Copyrights and related rights – Trade Marks and rights arising from
Trademark registration – Definitions – Industrial Designs and Integrated circuits –
Protection of Geographical Indications at national and International levels – Application
Procedures..
UNIT III 9
International convention relating to Intellectual Property – Establishment of WIPO –
Mission and Activities – History – General Agreement on Trade and Tariff (GATT) –
TRIPS Agreement.
UNIT IV 9
Indian Position Vs WTO and Strategies – Indian IPR legislations – commitments to
WTO-Patent Ordinance and the Bill – Draft of a national Intellectual Property Policy –
Present against unfair competition.
UNIT V 9
Case Studies on – Patents (Basumati rice, turmeric, Neem, etc.) – Copyright and related
rights – Trade Marks – Industrial design and Integrated circuits – Geographic indications
– Protection against unfair competition.
TOTAL = 45 PERIODS
TEXT BOOKS:
1. Subbaram N.R. “Handbook of Indian Patent Law and Practice “, S. Viswanathan
Printers and Publishers Pvt. Ltd., 1998.
REFERENCES:
1. Eli Whitney, United States Patent Number: 72X, Cotton Gin, March 14, 1794.
2. Intellectual Property Today: Volume 8, No. 5, May 2001, [www.iptoday.com].
3. Using the Internet for non-patent prior art searches, Derwent IP Matters, July 2000.
www.ipmatters.net/features/000707_gibbs.html.
GE2021 PROFESSIONAL ETHICS IN ENGINEERING L T P C
3 0 0 3
UNIT I ENGINEERING ETHICS 9
Senses of ‘Engineering Ethics’ – Variety of moral issues – Types of inquiry – Moral
dilemmas – Moral Autonomy – Kohlberg’s theory – Gilligan’s theory – Consensus and
Controversy – Professions and Professionalism – Professional Ideals and Virtues –
Uses of Ethical Theories
56
UNIT II ENGINEERING AS SOCIAL EXPERIMENTATION 9
Engineering as Experimentation – Engineers as responsible Experimenters – Research
Ethics - Codes of Ethics – Industrial Standards - A Balanced Outlook on Law – The
Challenger Case Study
UNIT III ENGINEER’S RESPONSIBILITY FOR SAFETY 9
Safety and Risk – Assessment of Safety and Risk – Risk Benefit Analysis – Reducing
Risk – The Government Regulator’s Approach to Risk - Chernobyl Case Studies and
Bhopal
UNIT IV RESPONSIBILITIES AND RIGHTS 9
Collegiality and Loyalty – Respect for Authority – Collective Bargaining – Confidentiality
– Conflicts of Interest – Occupational Crime – Professional Rights – Employee Rights –
Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) - Discrimination
UNIT V GLOBAL ISSUES 9
Multinational Corporations – Business Ethics - Environmental Ethics – Computer Ethics -
Role in Technological Development – Weapons Development – Engineers as Managers
– Consulting Engineers – Engineers as Expert Witnesses and Advisors – Honesty –
Moral Leadership – Sample Code of Conduct
TOTAL= 45 PERIODS TEXT BOOKS:
1. Mike Martin and Roland Schinzinger, “Ethics in Engineering”, McGraw Hill, New York,
2005.
2. Charles E Harris, Michael S Pritchard and Michael J Rabins, “Engineering Ethics –
Concepts and Cases”, Thompson Learning, 2000.
REFERENCES:
1. Charles D Fleddermann, “Engineering Ethics”, Prentice Hall, New Mexico, 1999.
2. John R Boatright, “Ethics and the Conduct of Business”, Pearson Education, 2003
3. Edmund G Seebauer and Robert L Barry, “Fundamentals of Ethics for Scientists and
Engineers”, Oxford University Press, 2001.
4. Prof. (Col) P S Bajaj and Dr. Raj Agrawal, “Business Ethics – An Indian Perspective”,
Biztantra, New Delhi, 2004.
5. David Ermann and Michele S Shauf, “Computers, Ethics and Society”, Oxford
University Press, (2003)
click here to read more: http://aimforhigh.blogspot.com/2010/06/anna-university-be-ece-7th-semester.html#ixzz1No5LXl8P
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